Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Synthesis Pathway (NAD⁺ Synthesis Pathway)

The nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) synthesis pathway encompasses the biochemical routes by which cells generate NAD⁺, a vital coenzyme involved in redox reactions, energy metabolism, and cellular signaling. There are three primary pathways for NAD⁺ biosynthesis in mammals: de novo, Preiss–Handler, and salvage pathways. Key enzymes include NAMPT, QPRT, and NMNATs. The pathway is crucial for cellular energy status, gene regulation, and stress responses.

Other names

NAD+ BiosynthesisDe Novo NAD+ SynthesisPreiss-Handler PathwayNAD+ Salvage Pathway

Regulation of NAD+ levels through modulation of key enzymes like NAMPT, QPRT, and NMNATs.