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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Nitric oxide (NO)
- Target
- NO
- Molecular classification
- Gasotransmitter, Free radical, Signaling molecule
01
Overview
Nitric oxide (NO) is a colorless gas and a principal oxide of nitrogen. It is a free radical that acts as an essential signaling molecule in mammals, playing significant roles in vasodilation, neurotransmission, and immune response. It is produced from L-arginine by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) enzymes. Its activity ends upon reaction with substrates such as oxygen or superoxide radicals.
- Other names
- Nitrogen monoxideNitrous air
02
Mechanism of action
Nitric oxide acts as a vasodilator by relaxing smooth muscle cells in blood vessels, increasing blood flow and decreasing blood pressure. It also modifies protein function via S-nitrosylation or interaction with transition metal centers within proteins.
03
Biological functions
VasodilationNeurotransmissionImmune responseSignal transduction
04
Disease associations
Cardiovascular diseaseNeurodegenerative diseaseInfectionCancer
05
Safety considerations
Highly reactive free radicalPotential to form other nitrogen oxides
06
Interacting drugs
Nitroglycerin
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