NLR family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6)

NLR family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor of the NOD-like receptor family, primarily expressed in the intestines and peripheral blood leukocytes[7][9]. It is a critical component of the innate immune system and forms the core of the NLRP6 inflammasome, a multiprotein complex that senses pathogen- and damage-associated signals[1][2][4]. Upon activation, NLRP6 oligomerizes via its pyrin domain, recruits the adaptor protein ASC, and assembles the inflammasome, which activates caspase-1 and caspase-4. This results in the processing and release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18, induction of pyroptosis, and initiation of host defense mechanisms[3][4][6]. NLRP6 plays a pivotal role in maintaining epithelial barrier integrity, regulating epithelial proliferation and wound repair, and protecting against intestinal infections and tumorigenesis, particularly by limiting pathogenic bacteria and promoting secretion of antimicrobial peptides[3][5]. Dysregulation of NLRP6 is associated with increased susceptibility to colitis and colorectal cancer[5]. It is also implicated in viral and parasitic infection response in the gut[3]. No specific drugs are known to target NLRP6 directly, but modulation of its inflammasome activity is of therapeutic interest for inflammatory and neoplastic diseases of the intestine[3].

Other names

NALP6PYPAF5PAN3CLR11.4

Inflammasome activation leading to caspase-1 and caspase-4 activation, resulting in maturation and secretion of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-18 (IL-18)[3][4] - Regulation of NF-κB signaling and cAMP accumulation[3]