NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 11 (NLRP11)

NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 11 (NLRP11) is a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor in humans that functions as an essential adaptor in the inflammasome pathway, facilitating the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 and caspase-4 inflammasomes in response to stress signals, intracellular bacterial lipopolysaccharide, and pathogenic infection[1][3][5]. NLRP11 contains N-terminal pyrin (PYD), central nucleotide-binding (NACHT), and C-terminal leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, permitting it to scaffold interactions between NLRP3 and ASC, promote caspase activation, and drive pyroptotic cell death and cytokine (IL-1β, IL-18) release in human macrophages[1][2][3][4]. Unique to primates, NLRP11 acts as a regulatory checkpoint; it can also attenuate Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling by promoting TRAF6 degradation, thereby suppressing NF-κB activation and downstream inflammatory responses[4]. While not yet a direct drug target, NLRP11's essential role in both canonical and non-canonical inflammasome regulation highlights its significance in human immune defense and autoinflammatory pathogenesis.

Other names

NALP11PYPAF6NOD17PAN10CLR19.6PAAD-and NACHT domain-containing protein 10PYRIN-containing APAF1-like protein 6nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain protein 17

Drugs targeting NLRP11 would likely act by modulating inflammasome assembly or inhibiting caspase activation, but no direct agents known