Norovirus GII.3 major capsid protein VP1 (VP1)

The Norovirus GII.3 VP1 capsid protein is the primary structural component of the Norovirus Genogroup II, Genotype 3 virion, which is a leading cause of epidemic gastroenteritis, particularly in pediatric populations. The VP1 protein self-assembles into an icosahedral capsid consisting of 180 subunits, organized into a Shell (S) domain and a Protruding (P) domain. The P domain, specifically the P2 subdomain, contains the binding sites for host histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs), which serve as essential attachment factors for viral entry into intestinal epithelial cells. Because the P2 subdomain is exposed on the virion surface, it is the primary target for neutralizing antibodies and the focus of vaccine development efforts. Therapeutic strategies targeting GII.3 VP1 primarily involve virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines and oral recombinant vaccines designed to elicit protective mucosal and systemic immune responses. Additionally, small molecule inhibitors are being explored to mimic HBGAs and competitively block the VP1 binding site to prevent infection.

Other names

Major capsid protein VP1GII.3 VP1Capsid protein VP1Norovirus GII.3 capsid

Vaccine-induced neutralization of viral particles and inhibition of VP1 binding to host histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs).