Novel tumor antigen (null)

"Novel tumor antigens" collectively refers to proteins or peptides that arise specifically in cancer cells, either through genetic mutation (neoantigens), aberrant gene expression, alternative splicing, or virus integration[1][3][8]. These antigens are absent or nearly absent from normal tissues, making them prime candidates for highly specific immunotherapies, such as personalized cancer vaccines and T cell-based strategies[3][8][1]. Identification of novel tumor antigens has led to major advances in cancer treatment, though their individualized nature—high diversity, patient specificity, and variable immunogenicity—pose substantial translational and clinical challenges[1][3][8].

Other names

Tumor-specific antigenneoantigencancer-specific antigen

Stimulation of tumor-specific T cell response via antigen presentation on MHC I molecules Bypass of central immune tolerance due to “non-self” character of neoantigens Induction of immunogenic cell death and long-term tumor surveillance