Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit (NFKB1)

The nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit, encoded by the NFKB1 gene, is a key regulator of immune response, inflammation, cell survival, and development. The full-length 105 kDa protein (p105) serves as both an inhibitor and precursor within the NF-κB signaling pathway. It is processed to generate the active p50 subunit. NFKB1 is highly expressed in macrophages and many tissues involved in immunity. As part of heterodimers (e.g., with RelA/p65), it regulates genes involved in immunity and inflammation. Loss-of-function mutations can cause immunodeficiencies, while overactivation is linked to chronic inflammatory diseases.

Other names

p105p50NF-kB1Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1

Modulation of NF-κB signaling pathway, typically through inhibition of IKK complex or direct inhibition of NF-κB dimers.