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Nucleic Acid Methylation
- Molecular classification
- Epigenetic modification, DNA modification, RNA modification
01
Overview
Nucleic acid methylation refers to the addition of a methyl group to nucleic acids, primarily DNA and RNA. This chemical modification, catalyzed by methyltransferases, plays a critical role in regulating gene expression, maintaining genome stability, and controlling cellular differentiation. Aberrant methylation patterns are associated with various diseases, particularly cancer, making it a target for epigenetic therapies.
- Other names
- DNA MethylationRNA Methylation
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition or modulation of DNA methyltransferases
03
Biological functions
Gene regulationGenome stabilityDevelopmental processesGenomic imprintingX-chromosome inactivationTissue differentiationEmbryonic development controlAging processesMismatch repair
04
Disease associations
CancerCarcinogenesis
05
Safety considerations
Off-target effectsPotential for global changes in gene expressionToxicity associated with epigenetic drugs
06
Interacting drugs
DNMT inhibitors (e.g., Azacitidine, Decitabine)
07
Biomarkers
5-methylcytosine levelsMethylation patterns at specific gene promoters
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