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Nucleic acid synthesis - Incorporation of false bases (NA)
- Target
- NA
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme Inhibitor, Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitor, Antimetabolite
01
Overview
This target refers to the therapeutic strategy of incorporating non-natural or incorrect nucleotide bases into DNA or RNA during nucleic acid synthesis. This misincorporation can lead to chain termination, preventing further elongation of the nucleic acid strand, or it can induce cytotoxicity due to mutations and structural anomalies in the genetic material. Many antiviral and anticancer drugs exploit this mechanism to inhibit replication of pathogens or proliferation of cancer cells.
- Other names
- DNA/RNA Incorporation of False BasesNucleotide MisincorporationChain Termination via False NucleotidesCytotoxicity via False Nucleotide Incorporation
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of DNA or RNA polymerase by incorporation of false nucleotide bases, leading to chain termination or cytotoxicity.
03
Biological functions
Inhibition of DNA ReplicationInhibition of RNA TranscriptionChain TerminationMutagenesisApoptosis
04
Disease associations
CancerViral InfectionBacterial Infection (less common, but possible)Other
05
Safety considerations
MyelosuppressionGastrointestinal toxicityNeurotoxicityHepatotoxicityNephrotoxicityDevelopment of resistanceOff-target effects on normal cells
06
Interacting drugs
Azidothymidine (AZT)
6 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Tumor Mutation Burden (TMB)Microsatellite Instability (MSI)Viral Load (for antiviral therapies)Expression levels of DNA/RNA repair enzymes
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