Occlusal force transmission

Occlusal force transmission refers to the way mechanical forces generated during biting, chewing, and tooth contact are distributed throughout the teeth, supporting structures, periodontal ligament, and jawbone[1][2][3][6][7]. In healthy dentition, vertical forces are absorbed and dissipated primarily along the long axis of the teeth via the periodontal ligament, preventing damage to the alveolar bone[2][6]. Horizontal and rotational forces are also managed by the ligament and bone but present greater risks for injury and disease if imbalanced[2][6][7]. In dental prosthetics and implants, the challenge is to mimic natural force transmission; improper load distribution increases risk for bone resorption, prosthetic failure, and pain[5][6][7]. Occlusal force dynamics play a key role in oral health, prosthetic design, and management of conditions including trauma, malocclusion, and periodontitis[2][5][6][7][8]. This concept is a biomechanical principle, not a molecular or therapeutic target.

Other names

Occlusal forcesocclusal loadforce transmission in dentitiondental occlusionmasticatory force