Olfactory receptor 5A1 (OR5A1)

Olfactory receptor 5A1 belongs to the large family of olfactory receptors, a subset of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) characterized by seven transmembrane domains[1][2]. It is responsible for recognizing specific odorant molecules in the nose and initiating a G protein-mediated transduction cascade, leading to a neuronal signal that underlies the sense of smell[1][10]. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the human genome[1][2]. A notable functional aspect of OR5A1 is variation in odor perception; for example, a genetic polymorphism in this receptor leads to differences in sensitivity to beta-ionone, affecting individual perception of floral versus sour/vinegar scents[1]. OR5A1 is a classic olfactory GPCR rather than a therapeutic target, with its primary biological role in chemosensory signaling rather than disease modulation or drug interaction.

Other names

Olfactory receptor OR11-249OST181

Odorant molecules bind to OR5A1, activating G protein-mediated signaling pathways that trigger neuronal responses and olfactory perception[1][2][10]