Olfactory receptor family 6 subfamily A member 2 (OR6A2)

Olfactory receptor family 6 subfamily A member 2 (OR6A2) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) responsible for detecting odorant molecules in the nose and initiating the neuronal cascade that leads to smell perception[1][2][3][4][7]. It is part of the largest gene superfamily in the human genome and has the characteristic 7-transmembrane domain structure common to olfactory and many neurotransmitter/hormone receptors[1][2][4]. Genetic variation in OR6A2 underlies individual differences in the perception of certain odors and flavors, most notably the aversion to coriander (cilantro), which is attributed to sensitivity to aldehyde compounds[1][2]. Emerging research indicates a surprising role in immune function, with OR6A2 expressed in vascular macrophages where it can promote inflammation and atherosclerosis upon binding the lipid peroxidation product octanal, making it a potential therapeutic target in cardiovascular disease[3]. There are currently no drugs clinically targeting OR6A2, and it is not established as a clinical biomarker; however, it is a model for the expanding biological relevance of olfactory receptors outside the olfactory system.

Other names

I7OR6A1OR6A2POR11-55

Ligand (odorant, e.g., aldehydes or octanal) binding initiates G protein–mediated signaling cascade\nIn vascular macrophages, binding of octanal activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and IL-1β production, promoting inflammation[3]