Oncolytic adenovirus replication (OAV replication)

Oncolytic adenovirus replication describes the process by which engineered adenoviruses selectively propagate within and destroy neoplastic cells while sparing normal tissues (Nature Reviews Cancer, 2011). These viruses are typically modified to capitalize on oncogenic alterations—such as the loss of p53 or Rb pathway function—to restrict viral gene expression and replication to tumor cells (PubMed, PMID: 15951834). The replication cycle culminates in cell lysis, which directly reduces tumor mass and releases progeny virions that can infect adjacent cancer cells (Molecular Therapy, 2016). Furthermore, this process facilitates an "in situ" vaccination effect, where the release of tumor-associated antigens and immunostimulatory signals triggers a systemic anti-tumor immune response (Frontiers in Oncology, 2020). Therapeutic candidates utilizing this mechanism, such as Oncorine (H101) and Cretostimogene grenadenorepvec (CG0070), are under investigation for various solid tumors, often in combination with immune checkpoint inhibitors to enhance efficacy (Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2018).

Other names

Oncolytic adenoviral therapyAdenoviral oncolysisConditionally replicative adenovirus (CRAd) replicationAdenoviral-mediated cytolysis

Selective viral replication in tumor cells leading to direct lysis and induction of systemic anti-tumor immunity.