Oncostatin M receptor (OSMR)

The Oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) is a type I cytokine receptor that forms heterodimeric complexes with gp130 to mediate signaling of the cytokine oncostatin M (OSM), as well as with interleukin-31 receptor A to form the IL-31 receptor. OSMR is widely expressed in a variety of tissues and cell types, especially non-hematopoietic cells such as epithelial cells, endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. Ligand binding to the OSMR complex triggers activation of intracellular pathways, including JAK1/JAK2-mediated phosphorylation and activation of MAPK, PI3K, and STAT3 cascades, resulting in transcriptional programs that regulate inflammation, cell growth, and immunity. OSM–OSMR signaling plays critical roles in inflammatory responses, tissue remodeling, fibrosis, and has been implicated in the progression of several cancers. Structural studies reveal that receptor-ligand specificity is governed by defined protein–protein interaction ‘hot spots’ at the interface, making this pathway a candidate for targeted therapy to ameliorate pathological inflammation and tumor progression, although no approved drugs yet directly modulate OSMR in the clinic.

Other names

Oncostatin-M specific receptor subunit betaOSMROSM receptorOSMRβ

Inhibition of OSM-OSMR binding blocks downstream JAK/STAT signaling and pro-inflammatory/pro-fibrotic effects Modulation of OSM-OSMR can affect cytokine signaling, cell proliferation, and immune responses