Oral mucosal dendritic cell antigen-uptake receptors

Oral mucosal dendritic cell antigen-uptake receptors represent a functional class of pattern recognition receptors, primarily C-type lectins, expressed on the surface of dendritic cells (DCs) and Langerhans cells (LCs) in the oral epithelium and lamina propria [1]. Key members include Langerin (CD207), DC-SIGN (CD209), and the Mannose Receptor (CD206), which are specialized for the capture and internalisation of glycosylated antigens [2]. These receptors facilitate the transport of antigens to local lymph nodes, where they are presented to T cells to initiate either an active immune response or, more commonly in the oral environment, immune tolerance [3]. This tolerogenic property is exploited in sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT), where allergens are delivered to these receptors to treat allergic rhinitis and asthma [4]. Furthermore, these receptors are being investigated as targets for needle-free mucosal vaccines designed to protect against pathogens like HIV or influenza [5]. The density and distribution of these receptors across different regions of the oral cavity, such as the sublingual versus buccal mucosa, significantly influence the efficacy of transmucosal therapeutic interventions [1][2]. [1] Hovav, A. H. (2014). Dendritic cells of the oral mucosa. Mucosal Immunology. [2] Allam, J. P., et al. (2008). Characterization of dendritic cells from human oral mucosa. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. [3] Mascarell, L., et al. (2008). The sublingual mucosa as a site for vaccination. Vaccine. [4] Canonica, G. W., et al. (2014). Sublingual immunotherapy: World Allergy Organization position paper 2013 update. World Allergy Organization Journal. [5] Moingeon, P. (2013). Sublingual immunotherapy: from the mucosa to the lymph nodes. Clinical & Experimental Allergy.

Other names

Oral dendritic cell receptorsOral mucosal C-type lectin receptorsLangerinCD207DC-SIGNCD209Mannose receptorCD206DEC-205CD205

These receptors facilitate the capture and internalisation of antigens by dendritic cells in the oral mucosa, followed by processing and presentation on MHC molecules to modulate T-cell responses, often promoting systemic immune tolerance or mucosal immunity.