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Osmotic Agent
- Molecular classification
- Inorganic salt, Carbohydrate, Polymer
01
Overview
An osmotic agent is a substance that creates an osmotic pressure gradient by attracting water across a semi-permeable membrane. This property is widely utilized in pharmaceutical formulations, especially in controlled drug delivery systems (such as osmotic pumps), laxatives, and diuretics. Common examples include mannitol, lactulose, and polyethylene glycol.
- Other names
- Osmogent
02
Mechanism of action
Creates an osmotic pressure gradient, drawing water across semi-permeable membranes. This increased water content and/or pressure is then used therapeutically.
03
Biological functions
Osmosis regulationFluid balanceWater retention
04
Disease associations
ConstipationIncreased intracranial pressureIncreased intraocular pressureOliguriaEdema
05
Safety considerations
Electrolyte imbalanceDehydrationHypovolemiaHypervolemiaRenal dysfunctionPulmonary edema
06
Interacting drugs
Mannitol
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