Oxalate metabolism enzyme

Oxalate metabolism enzymes refer to a group of enzymes responsible for the biodegradation of oxalate (the anion of oxalic acid), playing a central role in preventing oxalate accumulation in organisms. This group includes various specific enzymes, such as "oxalate oxidase" (mainly in plants, catalyzes the conversion of oxalate to carbon dioxide and hydrogen peroxide), "oxalate decarboxylase" (mainly in fungi and some bacteria, catalyzes the conversion of oxalate to carbon dioxide and formate), "oxalyl-CoA decarboxylase" (bacterial and thiamine pyrophosphate-dependent decarboxylation of oxalyl-CoA to formyl-CoA and CO₂), and "formyl-CoA transferase" (involved in the exchange of CoA between formyl and oxalyl groups)[3][1][5][7][9]. These enzymes are essential in human health because the inability to adequately degrade oxalate can lead to its accumulation, resulting in calcium oxalate kidney stones and other metabolic diseases[2][3]. The relevance to therapy lies in the potential for enzyme replacement, bacterial therapeutics, or transgenic strategies to manage hyperoxaluria and decrease oxalate stone formation[9]. Caveats and limitations: - The entry "Oxalate metabolism enzymes" is overly broad and not the canonical name of any specific target. Each individual enzyme (e.g., "Oxalate oxidase", "Oxalate decarboxylase") is a distinct molecular entity and should be referenced specifically for structured and precise data curation[3][1]. - There is no recognized abbreviation for this group collectively, and individual enzymes have their own EC numbers and specific properties. - Drugs targeting oxalate metabolism enzymes as a class are not well established; most current approaches focus on manipulating microbial populations (e.g., with Oxalobacter formigenes), supplementation with specific enzymes, or gene therapies, rather than small molecules that directly target these enzymes[5][8].

Other names

Oxalate-degrading enzymeOxalate oxidaseOxalate decarboxylaseOxalyl-CoA decarboxylaseFormyl-CoA transferase

Enzymatic degradation of oxalate to carbon dioxide and/or formate; Cofactor-dependent redox reactions or decarboxylation