Oxidative stress pathways in hepatocytes

Oxidative stress pathways in hepatocytes encompass the cellular mechanisms by which liver cells manage excess reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, particularly under conditions such as metabolic overload, xenobiotic exposure, or viral infection[2]. Key molecular players include the cytochrome P450 family (notably CYP2E1), NADPH oxidases (NOX1, NOX4), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase), and transcription factors such as NRF2 and NF-κB[1][3]. The dysregulation of these pathways leads to cellular damage, inflammation, fibrosis, and promotes the progression of diseases such as hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver conditions[1][2][3]. Targeting components of these pathways, particularly NRF2 activation and NOX1 inhibition, is pursued therapeutically to reduce liver injury and disease progression[1][3].

Other names

ROS signaling in hepatocyteshepatocellular oxidative responsehepatic redox signalingoxidative stress mechanisms in liver

Scavenging of ROS - Induction of cellular antioxidant enzymes (via NRF2 activation) - Inhibition of ROS-producing enzymes (e.g., NOX inhibition, CYP regulation) - Modulation of inflammatory pathways (NF-κB, NLRP3 inflammasome)