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Oxybenzone (BP-3)
- Target
- BP-3
- Molecular classification
- Other (Organic compound; aromatic ketone; benzophenone derivative)
01
Overview
Oxybenzone (benzophenone-3, BP-3) is an aromatic ketone widely used as an organic UV filter in sunscreens and personal care products to absorb UVB and short-wave UVA radiation (270–350 nm). It acts by absorbing high-energy UV photons, briefly entering an excited state and returning to its ground state via internal conversion, releasing the energy as harmless heat. This process prevents UV-induced skin damage and is fundamental to sunscreen protection. Oxybenzone is valued for its broad-spectrum efficacy and synergistic photostabilization of other sunscreen molecules, but concerns over its safety, skin absorption, and environmental impact have reduced its prevalence and prompted regulatory scrutiny or bans in several regions
- Other names
- Benzophenone-3BP-3Milestab 9Eusolex 4360Escalol 567KAHSCREEN BZ-3
02
Mechanism of action
Absorption of ultraviolet photons (270–350 nm), internal conversion, vibrational relaxation dissipating UV energy as heat
03
Biological functions
Other (Photoprotection; absorption of UV radiation)
04
Disease associations
Other (Prevention of diseases related to sun exposure, e.g., skin cancer, photodamage)
05
Safety considerations
Potential for endocrine disruptionSkin sensitization and photoallergic reactionsEnvironmental toxicity (coral bleaching and aquatic toxicity), leading to regulatory bans in some locationsAbsorption into systemic circulation and potential oxidative stress/DNA damage, although clinical significance remains debated
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