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Oxygen Radical (None)
- Target
- None
- Molecular classification
- Free Radical, Reactive Chemical Species
01
Overview
An oxygen radical is an unstable molecule containing oxygen with one or more unpaired electrons, making it highly reactive. As reactive oxygen species (ROS), they can participate in cell signaling at low concentrations but cause oxidative damage to DNA, proteins, and lipids at high concentrations. This oxidative stress is implicated in aging and various diseases. They are generated endogenously (e.g., mitochondrial respiration) and exogenously (e.g., radiation). Cells possess antioxidant defense mechanisms to neutralize excess ROS, but imbalance leads to pathological consequences.
- Other names
- Reactive Oxygen SpeciesROSSuperoxide anionHydroxyl radicalPerhydroxyl radicalSinglet oxygen
02
Mechanism of action
Neutralization of free radicals, reduction of oxidative stress
03
Biological functions
Cell signalingOxidationRegulation of cell growthRegulation of cell differentiationCell adhesionCell senescenceApoptosisOxidative damage
04
Disease associations
AgingCancerCardiovascular disordersDiabetes mellitusNeurodegenerative diseasesAlzheimer's diseaseInflammatory conditionsStrokeMyocardial infarction
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects with antioxidant therapiesMaintaining redox balance is crucial, excessive reduction can also be harmful
06
Interacting drugs
Antioxidants (Vitamin C, Vitamin E, etc.)
3 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
Levels of ROSMarkers of oxidative stress (e.g., lipid peroxidation products)DNA damage markers
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