P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7)

P2X purinoceptor 7 (P2X7 receptor) is a ligand-gated ion channel activated by high concentrations of extracellular ATP. It forms a homo-trimeric complex that, upon activation, allows passage of Na+, K+, and Ca2+ ions. Prolonged activation leads to the formation of large membrane pores, resulting in cell depolarization or lysis. The P2X7 receptor plays key roles in inflammation, immune responses, and apoptosis, and is implicated in various pathological conditions including neuroinflammation, autoimmune disorders, cancer, and inflammatory diseases. Therapeutic interventions targeting P2X7 are under development.

Other names

ATP receptorP2Z receptorPurinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7

Antagonism or modulation of P2X7 receptor activity to reduce inflammation, cell death, and other pathological processes.