P2Y purinoceptor (P2Y receptor)

P2Y purinoceptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that mediate cellular responses to extracellular nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, UTP, and UDP[1][6]. Unlike P2X receptors, which are ion channels, P2Y receptors transduce signals via G proteins leading to activation of second messenger pathways, primarily phospholipase C and sometimes adenylate cyclase, depending on the subtype[7][9]. Eight main human subtypes are characterized (P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, P2Y14), each with distinct ligand selectivity and tissue expression[7]. These receptors are critical in diverse physiological processes including platelet aggregation, immune modulation, inflammation, epithelial ion transport, and neuro-glial signaling[1][4][8]. Clinically, P2Y purinoceptors are key therapeutic targets, especially P2Y12 in antiplatelet therapy, while P2Y2 is being investigated as a novel target in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases[2][4][8].

Other names

P2Y receptorP2Y purinergic receptorP2Y nucleotide receptorP2Y GPCRP2Y family

Competitive antagonism of P2Y12 receptor (antiplatelet effect) Inhibition of ATP/UTP-activated signaling (anti-inflammatory effect) Blockade of ADP/UTP/UDP-induced G protein-coupled signal cascades Modulation of phospholipase C pathways Regulation of adenylate cyclase activity (for specific subtypes)