P2Y purinoceptor family (P2Y receptors) (P2Y receptors)

The P2Y purinoceptor family consists of eight human G protein-coupled receptors (P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y12, P2Y13, and P2Y14) that are activated by extracellular nucleotides such as ATP, ADP, UTP, and UDP (Burnstock, 2018, Purinergic Signalling). These receptors are broadly expressed across various tissues and play critical roles in physiological processes including platelet aggregation, vascular tone regulation, inflammatory responses, and neurotransmission (Abbracchio et al., 2006, Pharmacological Reviews). The family is structurally and functionally divided into two subgroups: the Gq-coupled receptors (P2Y1, 2, 4, 6, 11) which activate phospholipase C, and the Gi-coupled receptors (P2Y12, 13, 14) which inhibit adenylyl cyclase. Clinically, the P2Y12 receptor is a major target for antiplatelet drugs like clopidogrel and ticagrelor, which are essential in managing acute coronary syndromes and preventing stent thrombosis (Capodanno et al., 2019, Nature Reviews Cardiology). Other members, such as P2Y2, are targeted for conditions like dry eye syndrome using agonists like diquafosol to stimulate tear secretion (Lau et al., 2014, Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs). Ongoing research continues to explore the therapeutic potential of this family in treating chronic pain, neurodegeneration, and cancer.

Other names

Purinergic P2Y receptorsP2Y purinoceptorsP2Y receptor familyNucleotide-activated G protein-coupled receptors

Antagonism of P2Y12 receptors to inhibit ADP-induced platelet aggregation; Agonism of P2Y2 receptors to stimulate chloride and water secretion in epithelial cells.