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p75 neurotrophic receptor (p75NTR)
- Target
- p75NTR
- Molecular classification
- Receptor, Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily (TNFRSF16), Type I transmembrane protein
01
Overview
p75NTR is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily (TNFRSF16). It binds neurotrophins such as NGF, BDNF, NT3, and NT4/5, as well as proneurotrophins and the immune co-stimulatory molecule B7-1/CD80. p75NTR plays a critical role in neuronal survival, apoptosis, synaptic plasticity, and neural repair, with implications for neurological diseases like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, ALS, and stroke. It serves as both a biomarker and a potential drug target, with therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating its activity to reduce pathological cell death and promote regeneration.
- Other names
- Low-affinity nerve growth factor receptorNGFRCD271
02
Mechanism of action
Modulation of p75NTR activity/signaling to reduce pathological cell death and support recovery/regeneration.
03
Biological functions
Neuronal survivalApoptosisSynaptic plasticityNeural repairAxonal growth/pruningSynaptogenesisPatterningModulates hippocampal synapsesRegulates adult neurogenesisControls pruning of unwanted synapsesPromotes degeneration of aberrant axonsImmune responseKeratinocyte biologyWound healingHair follicle cyclingMelanoma progression
04
Disease associations
Alzheimer’s diseaseParkinson’s diseaseALSSpinal cord injuryStrokeNeurodegenerative diseaseCognitive declineTraumaInflammationNeuropsychiatric disorders
05
Safety considerations
Complex role balancing survival/apoptosis/plasticity requires selective modulation rather than global inhibition.Potential for non-canonical signaling pathways mediating acute CNS damage during inflammation/injury.
06
Biomarkers
p75NTR expression as a biomarker for disease severity/progression in neurological diseases.
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