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Paclitaxel

Molecular classification: Taxane, Chemotherapeutic agent

Overview

Paclitaxel is a taxane chemotherapeutic agent used to treat various cancers. It functions by binding to beta-tubulin, thereby stabilizing microtubules and disrupting the normal dynamics of cell division, which results in cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. It is administered intravenously and can cause significant side effects, including myelosuppression and neuropathy.

Other names: TaxolOnxalAbraxane (nab-paclitaxel)

Mechanism of action

Stabilizes microtubules by binding to the beta-tubulin subunit, preventing depolymerization and disrupting mitosis, ultimately leading to cell cycle arrest and apoptosis.

Biological functions

Microtubule stabilizationMitosis inhibitionApoptosis inductionCell cycle arrest

Disease associations

Cancer treatment (Breast cancer, Ovarian cancer, Non-small cell lung cancer, Kaposi sarcoma, others)

Safety considerations

MyelosuppressionNeuropathyAlopeciaNausea/vomitingHypersensitivity reactions (related to solvent Cremophor EL in some formulations)

Interacting drugs

Cisplatin

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