Pain-related ion channels

Pain-related ion channels represent a broad class of membrane proteins essential for the transduction, conduction, and transmission of nociceptive signals in the peripheral and central nervous systems [1.2.1, 1.2.3]. This group encompasses several families, including voltage-gated sodium channels (e.g., Nav1.7, Nav1.8), voltage-gated calcium channels (e.g., Cav2.2), transient receptor potential (TRP) channels (e.g., TRPV1), and ligand-gated channels like P2X3 receptors [1.1.2, 1.3.1]. These channels are responsible for converting mechanical, thermal, or chemical stimuli into electrical impulses and regulating the excitability of sensory neurons [1.2.5, 1.3.2]. In pathological states, such as nerve injury or chronic inflammation, the expression and function of these channels are often dysregulated, leading to neuronal hyperexcitability and persistent pain [1.2.3, 1.2.4]. Therapeutic strategies targeting these channels aim to restore normal signaling or block the transmission of pain, with examples ranging from traditional local anesthetics like lidocaine to more selective modern agents like Nav1.8 inhibitors and P2X3 antagonists [1.1.1, 1.3.3].

Other names

Nociceptive ion channelsPain-associated ion channelsSensory ion channelsIon channels in pain signaling

Modulation of ion flow through selective or non-selective inhibition or activation of channels to reduce neuronal excitability and pain signal transmission [1.1.1, 1.3.1].