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Pancreatic Alpha Cell (Alpha Cell)
- Target
- Alpha Cell
- Molecular classification
- Endocrine Cell, Cell Type
01
Overview
Pancreatic alpha cells are specialized endocrine cells located within the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Their primary function is to secrete the peptide hormone glucagon, which plays a crucial role in maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. They also possess plasticity, allowing for transdifferentiation into beta-like cells under specific conditions, offering therapeutic potential for diabetes.
- Other names
- α-cellGlucagon-secreting cell
02
Biological functions
Glucagon secretionBlood glucose homeostasisRegulation of gluconeogenesisRegulation of glycogenolysisGLP-1 production (minor)Cellular transdifferentiation
03
Disease associations
Type 2 diabetes (pathophysiology)HyperglycemiaHypoglycemia
04
Safety considerations
Inappropriate glucagon secretion leading to hyperglycemiaPotential for unwanted transdifferentiation
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