Pancreatic secretory granule membrane major glycoprotein 2 (GP2)

Pancreatic secretory granule membrane major glycoprotein 2 (GP2) is an integral glycoprotein primarily expressed in the zymogen granules of pancreatic acinar cells and on the apical surface of intestinal M cells[3][5][6]. Upon stimulation, it is secreted into the pancreatic duct and intestine, where it plays a key role in antibacterial defense by binding bacterial adhesins, especially those with mannose-specific FimH (type I-piliated bacteria)[1][5][8]. GP2 acts as a decoy receptor, inhibiting bacterial adhesion to the intestinal mucosa and facilitating mucosal immune response by mediating bacterial transcytosis in M cells, leading to immune surveillance and IgA production[5][8]. GP2 is structurally related to UMOD (uromodulin/Tamm-Horsfall protein) and shares a zona pellucida (ZP) domain[1][5]. Genetic variants in GP2 are associated with susceptibility to pancreatic cancer[6]. It is used as a specific biomarker for the acinar cell lineage in the pancreas and has emerging utility as a plasma biomarker in diseases such as pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer[2][4][7]. Currently, GP2 is not a direct therapeutic target and no drugs or targeted mechanisms of action are described for it[2][4][6].

Other names

Glycoprotein 2Pancreatic zymogen granule membrane protein GP-2Pancreatic secretory granule membrane major glycoprotein GP2ZAP75Glycoprotein 2 (zymogen granule membrane)Pancreatic zymogen granule membrane associated protein GP2