Paracrine signaling pathways involved in neuroregeneration

Paracrine signaling pathways involved in neuroregeneration refer to the diverse set of local, cell-to-cell molecular communication systems in which one cell secretes factors (such as growth factors, cytokines, or extracellular vesicles) that act on neighboring neural cells to promote repair, survival, differentiation, or proliferation in response to neurodegeneration or injury.[2][3][4][5][6] These pathways include, but are not limited to, well-characterized systems such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and Shh. Each pathway consists of both secreted ligands and their specific receptors present on target cells, producing effects that range from stimulating neurogenesis and angiogenesis to mitigating inflammation and promoting synaptic remodeling in the injured or diseased nervous system. Because "paracrine signaling pathway" is not a single molecule or receptor, but a class of overlapping and interacting mechanisms, it is not considered a canonical therapeutic target itself but rather a collective description of many actionable signaling axes within neuroregenerative biology.[2][3][4][5][6]

Other names

Paracrine signaling in neuroregenerationParacrine neuroregenerative signaling

Modulation of neurotrophic factor signaling (e.g., FGF, VEGF, BDNF, NGF); Modulation of cytokine and chemokine signaling (e.g., interleukins, SDF-1, CXCL12); Modulation of Wnt/β-catenin, Notch, and Shh pathways