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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1)
- Target
- PSPC1
- Molecular classification
- RNA-binding protein, Paraspeckle structural protein, Transcription factor (functional, not classical DNA-binding TF), DBHS (Drosophila Behavior Human Splicing) family protein
01
Overview
Paraspeckle component 1 (PSPC1) is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein and the first-discovered core structural protein of paraspeckles, which are subnuclear, membrane-less organelles found adjacent to splicing speckles in transcriptionally active cells[1][2][3][4]. PSPC1 contains two N-terminal RNA recognition motifs (RRM1, RRM2), a NONA/paraspeckle domain (NOPS), and a C-terminal coiled-coil domain essential for paraspeckle assembly and function[1][4]. PSPC1 participates in the regulation of gene expression, DNA damage repair, mRNA modification, cell fate determination, differentiation, and immune responses; it is overexpressed or dysregulated in various cancers, where it facilitates metastasis and therapy resistance, making it a candidate biomarker and therapeutic target[1][2][3][4].
- Other names
- Paraspeckle protein 1PSP1FLJ10955Paraspeckle component 1PSPC1
02
Mechanism of action
For drugs targeting pathways modulated by PSPC1: Inhibition of PSPC1 enhances DNA damage and causes mitotic catastrophe in cancer cells treated with PARP inhibitors. PSPC1 suppression may reverse endocrine therapy resistance in hormone-positive cancers.
03
Biological functions
Regulation of gene expression (via RNA retention and processing)DNA damage response and DNA repairCell fate determination and differentiationTranscriptional regulation and terminationModulation of mRNA and chromatin stateInnate immune response activation (cGAS-STING pathway)Spermatogenesis
04
Disease associations
Cancer (tumorigenesis, metastasis, therapy resistance; roles described for hepatocellular carcinoma, breast/ovarian cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, glioblastoma, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma)LeukemiaGlioblastoma multiformeSyndromic intellectual disability (associations)Angelman syndrome (associations)
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Safety considerations
Broad involvement in gene regulation and cellular homeostasis suggests that systemic inhibition could disrupt normal cell functions, potentially affecting cell fate determination and differentiation in non-malignant tissuesRisks may include impacts on immune function, spermatogenesis, and stem cell regulation, given PSPC1’s roles in these processes
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Interacting drugs
Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors (e.g., olaparib)
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Biomarkers
PSPC1 levels (protein and mRNA) serve as a biomarker for poor prognosis in cancer (e.g., prostate, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast cancer)PSPC1 expression can indicate epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), stemness, and migratory capacity in tumor cells
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