Parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTH1R)

The Parathyroid hormone receptor 1 (PTH1R) is a Class B G protein-coupled receptor primarily expressed in osteoblasts and kidney cells, where it mediates the actions of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP). In osteoblasts, PTH1R activation triggers multiple signaling cascades, including the cAMP/Protein Kinase A (PKA) and phospholipase C/Protein Kinase C (PKC) pathways, which collectively regulate bone formation and resorption. While continuous exposure to PTH leads to bone resorption, intermittent administration of PTH1R agonists like teriparatide exerts a potent anabolic effect, stimulating osteoblast differentiation and survival to increase bone mineral density. This receptor is a critical therapeutic target for the treatment of severe osteoporosis and hypoparathyroidism. Mutations in the PTH1R gene are associated with several rare genetic disorders affecting skeletal development, such as Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia. The term 'Parathyroid hormone signaling pathway in osteoblasts' refers to the broader biological process initiated by this receptor rather than a single molecular target.

Other names

PTH/PTHrP receptorParathyroid hormone 1 receptorPTHR1Parathyroid hormone signaling pathway in osteoblasts

Agonism of the PTH1R receptor to stimulate osteoblastic activity and increase bone formation (anabolic effect) or to replace endogenous parathyroid hormone in deficiency states.