Parathyroid hormone receptor type 2 (PTH2R)

Parathyroid hormone receptor type 2 (PTH2R) is a class B1 G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that is activated primarily by the endogenous peptide tuberoinfundibular peptide 39 (TIP39), and to a lesser extent by parathyroid hormone (PTH)[1][3][5]. It is encoded by the PTH2R gene and is structurally related to the parathyroid hormone receptor type 1 (PTH1R), but with distinct ligand specificity and tissue distribution. PTH2R is highly expressed in neuroendocrine regions of the brain and endocrine tissues, where it mediates a variety of biological functions including modulation of the stress response, hormone secretion (e.g., corticotropin-releasing hormone, prolactin, vasopressin, and growth hormone), thermoregulation, nociception, and wound healing[5][7][3]. Mutations in PTH2R are associated with specific hereditary diseases such as syndromic short stature[3]. Although approved drugs for clinical use targeting PTH2R are lacking, the receptor is recognized as a therapeutic and research target, particularly for neuroendocrine modulation and rare genetic disorders[1][8][3].

Other names

Parathyroid hormone 2 receptorPTH2 receptorPTHR2PTH2R

Activation of adenylyl cyclase via Gs protein, leading to increased cAMP production when bound by peptide agonists (e.g., TIP39, PTH)[3][5][1] Agonist-dependent modulation of signaling pathways, including effects on hormone release and neuromodulation[5]