Pathogenic immune cell surface biomarker

Pathogenic immune cell surface biomarkers are a diverse group of proteins expressed on the surface of cells that drive disease pathology, such as autoreactive T cells, B cells, or malignant lymphocytes [1, 2]. These biomarkers serve as critical therapeutic targets for selectively depleting or modulating specific cell populations while aiming to preserve protective immunity [3]. Common examples of these targets include CD19, CD20, CD38, and BCMA for B-cell and plasma cell-mediated disorders, as well as CD30, CD7, and CD70 for T-cell-driven diseases [1, 4]. Therapeutic strategies targeting these biomarkers include monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies [2, 4]. A significant challenge in this field is identifying markers that are uniquely expressed on pathogenic subsets to avoid broad immunosuppression and off-target toxicities [3, 5].

Other names

Autoreactive immune cell markerDisease-associated immune cell surface proteinPathogenic lymphocyte markerTargeted immune cell biomarker

Selective depletion of pathogenic immune cell subsets via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC), direct induction of apoptosis, or targeted delivery of cytotoxic payloads using ADCs and CAR-T cells [1, 2, 4].