Peanut allergen-specific B-cell receptor (Peanut-specific BCR)

Peanut allergen-specific B-cell receptors (BCRs) are membrane-bound immunoglobulins located on the surface of B lymphocytes that specifically recognize and bind to peanut proteins, most notably Ara h 1, Ara h 2, and Ara h 3 (1.3.1, 1.3.2). In individuals with peanut allergy, these receptors are typically associated with IgE-producing B cells or memory B cells that can rapidly differentiate into IgE-secreting plasma cells upon re-exposure to the allergen (1.2.5, 1.3.4). The binding of peanut allergens to these BCRs triggers B-cell activation and the subsequent production of allergen-specific IgE, which sensitizes mast cells and basophils, leading to the release of inflammatory mediators and potentially fatal anaphylaxis (1.2.3, 1.3.4). Therapeutic strategies targeting these BCRs or their downstream products include oral immunotherapy (OIT) to induce desensitization and increase protective IgG4 levels, and monoclonal antibodies like omalizumab to neutralize free IgE (1.2.2, 1.3.2). Experimental approaches, such as Siglec-engaging liposomes (STALs), aim to selectively deplete or silence these specific B-cell populations by co-engaging inhibitory receptors like CD22, offering a potential path toward long-term immunological tolerance (1.2.1).

Other names

Ara h-specific B-cell receptorPeanut-specific B-cell receptorAllergen-specific B-cell receptorAra h 1-specific B-cell receptorAra h 2-specific B-cell receptor

Modulation of the B-cell repertoire to induce desensitization, neutralization of allergen-specific IgE, and inhibition of B-cell class switching to reduce the allergic response.