Periosteum

The periosteum is a dense, specialized membrane composed of two main layers—an outer fibrous layer rich in collagen and fibroblasts, and an inner osteogenic (cambium) layer containing osteoprogenitor cells and osteoblasts[1][7][9]. This membrane covers the outer surfaces of all bones except at joint surfaces, anchoring to underlying bone via Sharpey’s fibers, supplying sensation (pain), nourishment, and providing key cells for bone growth, ongoing remodeling, and repair following injury[1][4][9]. The periosteum is vital for skeletal development, fracture healing, and the maintenance of bone health, but it is not a molecular target such as a receptor, enzyme, or ion channel[7][9].

Other names

Periosteal membraneOsseous membrane