Peroxidase enzyme (Peroxidase)

Peroxidases are a broad class of enzymes that catalyze oxidation-reduction reactions involving peroxides, primarily hydrogen peroxide, effectively protecting cells from oxidative damage and participating in diverse physiological processes such as immunity, hormone biosynthesis, and cellular signaling[1][3][2][6]. The peroxidase enzyme system encompasses multiple isoenzymes, each with specific roles and tissue distribution, including heme-containing enzymes (e.g., myeloperoxidase, horseradish peroxidase, cytochrome P450 peroxygenases), and non-heme peroxidases (e.g., glutathione peroxidase, peroxiredoxin)[3][1][7][9]. They are therapeutic and diagnostic targets, implicated in the pathogenesis of cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and immune dysfunction, and serve as valuable biomarkers and tools in clinical and research settings[6][10].

Other names

Peroxide reductaseperoxidasehaem peroxidaseglutathione peroxidase (GPx)horseradish peroxidase (HRP)myeloperoxidase (MPO)lactoperoxidasethyroid peroxidaseperoxiredoxin (Prx)

Inhibition of enzyme activity to reduce oxidative damage or modulation of immune responses (e.g., MPO inhibitors in vascular inflammation)\nSubstrate competition or scavenging of reactive oxygen species\nUse as a reporter enzyme to catalyze colorimetric or chemiluminescent reactions (e.g., HRP in diagnostics)