Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR)

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are a group of nuclear receptor proteins that function as ligand-activated transcription factors. They play crucial roles in the regulation of cellular differentiation, development, metabolism (particularly lipid and glucose metabolism), and tumorigenesis in higher organisms. There are three main isoforms: PPARα, PPARγ, and PPARβ/δ, each with distinct tissue distribution, physiological functions, and ligand specificities. Upon activation, PPARs regulate gene transcription by binding to PPREs in the promoter regions of target genes.

Other names

PPARalphaPPARγPPARbeta/delta

Upon activation by ligands, PPARs heterodimerize with RXR and bind to PPREs in the promoter regions of target genes, modulating gene transcription through recruitment of coactivators or corepressors.