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Buffering Agent
- Molecular classification
- Chemical compound, Inorganic buffer, Organic buffer, Zwitterionic buffer
01
Overview
A buffering agent is a substance that resists changes in the pH of a solution upon the addition of small amounts of acid or base. It typically consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base or a weak base and its conjugate acid. Buffering agents are used to maintain stable pH conditions in chemical, biological, and industrial processes. Common examples include phosphate buffers, Tris buffers, and Good's buffers like HEPES and MOPS. The effectiveness of a buffer is determined by its buffer capacity and its useful pH range, which is approximately pKa ± 1.
- Other names
- pH bufferBuffer solutionpH buffering agent
02
Mechanism of action
Neutralizes added acids or bases to resist pH changes via a weak acid/base equilibrium.
03
Biological functions
pH maintenanceStabilization of chemical reactionsRegulation of biological processes
04
Safety considerations
Toxicity of specific buffer compoundsInterference with biological assaysIonic strength effectsChemical stability issues
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