Phagolysosomal acidification

Phagolysosomal acidification is a vital step in the maturation of the phagolysosome, where the activity of V-ATPase proton pumps and other factors lower the internal pH to between 4.5 and 5.0. This acidic environment is necessary for activating hydrolytic enzymes and facilitating the destruction of ingested microbes. Successful acidification requires fusion of the late phagosome with the lysosome, acquisition, and functional activation of V-ATPases, which convert ATP energy into proton translocation. Disruption of acidification by pathogens promotes their intracellular survival, while defective acidification in humans is associated with increased vulnerability to infections and immune dysregulation.

Other names

phagosomal acidificationacidification of phagolysosomelumen acidification of phagolysosome

For drugs targeting V-ATPase—Inhibition of proton pumping into the phagolysosomal lumen, thereby raising internal pH and impairing hydrolytic activity.