Phospholipase A and acyltransferase 3 (PLAAT3)

Phospholipase A and acyltransferase 3 (PLAAT3) is a group XVI phospholipase A2 enzyme with both phospholipase and acyltransferase activities, predominantly located in the cytoplasm and associated with cellular membranes. It preferentially hydrolyzes phosphatidylcholines, regulates lipid homeostasis in white adipose tissue, and plays critical roles in adipocyte differentiation, organelle degradation, and cellular responses to viral entry. In human disease, PLAAT3 is implicated in hereditary lipodystrophy with neurological manifestations and is a potential drug target for obesity and metabolic syndrome. Its roles in cancer and microbial infection are complex, exhibiting both tumor suppressive and promoting activities, and facilitating or restricting viral genome entry depending on the context[1][2][3][4][5].

Other names

HRASLS3HREV107PLA2G16AdPLAH-REV107adipose-specific phospholipase A2Group XVI phospholipase A2Renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-65H-rev 107 protein homologHRAS-like suppressor 3FPLD9phospholipase A/acyltransferase-3Ca-independent phospholipase A1/2adipose-specific PLA2

Drugs or interventions that silence or inhibit PLAAT3 likely decrease pathological lipolysis and alter adipocyte differentiation, beneficial in metabolic syndrome. Modulation of PLAAT3 may affect viral genome delivery or clearance during picornavirus infection.