Phospholipid phosphatase-related protein type 1 (PLPPR1)

Phospholipid phosphatase-related protein type 1 (PLPPR1) is an integral membrane protein belonging to the plasticity-related gene (PRG) family, predominantly expressed in the brain[1][2][3]. Unlike classical lipid phosphatases, PLPPR1 is catalytically inactive but plays a major signaling-modulatory role. It promotes filopodia formation, supports neurite outgrowth, and modulates neuronal plasticity by attenuating RhoA/ROCK and Rac1 signaling, primarily through physical interaction with RhoGDI1. PLPPR1 is crucial for neuronal development, axon guidance, synaptic plasticity, and may help overcome inhibitory environments (e.g., chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans and LPA), thus supporting neuroregeneration after injury[1][2]. Its unique function is to stabilize actin cytoskeleton dynamics and regulate cell adhesion, influencing brain development and response to damage, but it is not currently a direct target of any approved therapeutic drugs[1][2][3][4].

Other names

Plasticity-related gene 3 proteinPRG-3PRG3Lipid phosphate phosphatase-related protein type 1Inactive 2-lysophosphatidate phosphatase PLPPR1LPPR1MGC26189FLJ20300

Not established for drug action; endogenous mechanism: attenuation of RhoA/ROCK and Rac1 signaling via binding to RhoGDI1—decreases actinomyosin contractility and stabilizes growth/APG structures[1][2].