Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP)

Phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) is a secreted plasma glycoprotein involved in transferring phospholipids and other lipids, such as diacylglycerol and sphingomyelin, between lipoproteins’ surfaces, especially from triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to HDL[2][4]. It is critical in HDL particle remodeling and size regulation, impacting cholesterol metabolism and atherosclerosis risk. Structurally, PLTP belongs to the BPI/LBP/CETP protein family (BPI fold-containing), shares sequence similarity with cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), and contains lipid-binding pockets necessary for lipid transfer activity[1][2]. Biologically, PLTP interacts with apolipoproteins (ApoA1, ApoA2) and lipoproteins (HDL, LDL, VLDL), forming complexes essential to its function. Elevated or altered PLTP activity has been associated with cardiovascular disease and metabolic disorders, making it a potential target, though with clinical implications that are still under active research[2][3].

Other names

BPIFELipid transfer protein IIBPI fold containing family EHDLCQ9phospholipid transfer proteinlipid transfer protein II

Drugs (in development) aim to modulate PLTP’s lipid transfer or remodeling activities to influence HDL cholesterol levels and lipoprotein particle profile[2].