Phosphotransferase (PTase)

Phosphotransferases are a family of enzymes (EC 2.7) that catalyze the transfer of a phosphate group from a donor molecule (commonly ATP or phosphoenolpyruvate, PEP) to an acceptor molecule. The general reaction they catalyze is A-P + B -> A + B-P where A-P is the phosphoryl donor and B is the acceptor. The most well-known biological context for phosphotransferases is in bacteria, where they form part of the phosphoenolpyruvate-carbohydrate phosphotransferase system (PTS). This system couples sugar uptake with phosphorylation, using PEP as both an energy source and phosphoryl donor. Beyond transport, components of the bacterial PTS also participate in regulatory networks affecting carbohydrate metabolism, nitrogen/phosphorus utilization, and even virulence in some pathogens by interacting with non-PTS proteins depending on their phosphorylation state.

Phosphorylation of substrates