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Pituitary Gonadotropins (LH/FSH)
- Target
- LH/FSH
- Molecular classification
- Hormones, Glycoproteins
01
Overview
Pituitary gonadotropins, primarily luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), are glycoprotein hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland. They are central to regulating reproductive function in both males and females by controlling gametogenesis and steroidogenesis in the gonads. Their secretion is regulated by GnRH from the hypothalamus and feedback from gonadal steroids. Abnormalities in their secretion can lead to infertility and other reproductive disorders.
- Other names
- Luteinizing HormoneLHFollicle-Stimulating HormoneFSH
02
Mechanism of action
Binding to G protein-coupled receptors, activation of intracellular signaling cascades via cyclic AMP as a second messenger; stimulation of Leydig cells for testosterone production, Sertoli cells for spermatogenesis, ovarian follicle maturation and estrogen synthesis, ovulation induction, corpus luteum formation.
03
Biological functions
Regulation of reproductive functionGametogenesisSteroidogenesisSexual developmentMenstrual cycle regulationSpermatogenesis
04
Disease associations
InfertilityAmenorrheaImpotenceTesticular atrophyPituitary adenomasCentral precocious puberty
05
Safety considerations
Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS)Multiple pregnanciesHormone-related cancersAdverse effects of hormone replacement therapy
06
Interacting drugs
GnRH agonists
7 more in the full profile.
07
Biomarkers
LH levelsFSH levelsEstrogen levelsProgesterone levelsTestosterone levels
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