Plasma Coagulation Factors and Endothelial Proteins

Plasma coagulation factors are a series of mostly liver-derived plasma proteins (enzymes and cofactors; e.g., fibrinogen, prothrombin, factors V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII) that participate in the coagulation cascade responsible for forming a stable blood clot following vascular injury. Endothelial proteins include both procoagulant (e.g., von Willebrand factor, tissue factor) and anticoagulant (e.g., thrombomodulin, tissue factor pathway inhibitor, endothelial protein C receptor) molecules produced or expressed by vascular endothelial cells, which regulate coagulation, prevent excessive clot formation, and maintain vascular homeostasis. The proper function and balance of these proteins is essential for normal hemostasis, and dysfunction can lead to bleeding or thrombotic disease[1][2][3][5][6][7][8]. This entry does not denote a discrete canonical molecular target and should not be treated as such. Instead, it refers to a physiological system comprising numerous interacting proteins and regulatory pathways.

Other names

Coagulation factors and endothelial regulatory proteinsBlood clotting proteins and endothelial proteins

Inhibition of specific coagulation factors (e.g., antithrombin activity potentiated by heparin); Vitamin K antagonism to reduce synthesis of active clotting factors; Direct inhibition of thrombin or factor Xa; Activation of plasminogen to promote fibrinolysis