Plasma proteins and water (None standard for the combined entity)

Plasma proteins are a diverse group of proteins dissolved in blood plasma, making up ~7% of plasma volume; albumin is the most abundant, followed by globulins (important for immunity, transport, and clotting), and fibrinogen (essential for coagulation)[3][9]. These proteins regulate osmotic pressure, transport molecules, defend against infection, and contribute to blood clotting. Water is the principal solvent in plasma, facilitating molecular transport and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance[7]. Alterations in plasma protein or water concentrations can lead to edema, dehydration, immune deficiencies, or coagulation disorders[3][7]. Plasma protein therapies (IVIG, albumin, clotting factors) are used to treat immunodeficiency, shock, and bleeding disorders but carry risks such as infection transmission and fluid overload[6][4]. "Plasma proteins and water" is not a singular therapeutic target, but rather denotes two vital blood plasma constituents with major physiological roles.

Other names

blood proteinsserum proteinsalbuminglobulinfibrinogenH₂O

Immune replacement (IVIG provides immunoglobulins for immune deficiency); Volume expansion (albumin increases oncotic pressure for shock or burns); Clot formation (factor VIII/IX replenishment for hemophilia); Hormone transport modulation, acute phase response shifting