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Plasma proteins other than immunoglobulins (None commonly used; plasma proteins may be collectively abbreviated as "PPs," but not standardized specifically for non-immunoglobulin plasma proteins.)

Target
None commonly used; plasma proteins may be collectively abbreviated as "PPs," but not standardized specifically for non-immunoglobulin plasma proteins.
Molecular classification
Transport protein (e.g., albumin, transferrin), Acute phase protein (e.g., C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A), Coagulation factor (e.g., factor VIII, fibrinogen), Complement protein (e.g., C3, C4), Protease inhibitor (e.g., alpha-1 antitrypsin, antithrombin), Enzyme (e.g., plasminogen), Oncofetal protein (e.g., alpha-fetoprotein), Other (soluble receptors, shed membrane proteins)
01

Overview

Plasma proteins other than immunoglobulins are a diverse group of soluble proteins present in blood plasma, responsible for vital physiological functions including transport of substances, maintenance of oncotic pressure, blood coagulation, immune defense, inflammation regulation, and tissue repair. This group comprises albumin, acute phase proteins, coagulation factors, complement proteins, transporters, protease inhibitors, oncofetal proteins, and other soluble shed proteins. Most are synthesized in the liver (with some exceptions), and their broad involvement in disease and medical therapy underscores their importance as both diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in hematology, immunology, cardiovascular, oncologic, hepatic, and genetic conditions. The category is not a specific molecular target but a collective term for multiple clinically important plasma soluble proteins.

Other names
Plasma non-immunoglobulin proteinsNon-Ig plasma proteinsPlasma structural and functional proteins (excluding immunoglobulins)
02

Mechanism of action

Replacement therapy: restoring deficient plasma proteins Inhibition of protein activity: e.g., direct inhibition of complement, clotting cascade Modulation of inflammatory response: dampening acute-phase protein synthesis, cytokine signaling Protein binding: transport/drug displacement effects Immune modulation

03

Biological functions

Transport of hormones, drugs, and metabolites (albumin, transferrin)Blood coagulation and hemostasis (clotting factors, fibrinogen)Immune response modulation (complement proteins, acute phase proteins)Inflammation regulation (acute phase proteins)Protease inhibition (alpha-1 antitrypsin, antithrombin)Tissue repair, cell signaling (thrombospondin-2, soluble transferrin receptor)Other (oncoprotection, fetal development)
04

Disease associations

Hematologic diseases: bleeding disorders, hemophilia, thrombosis (clotting factors)Autoimmune/inflammatory diseases: ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis (complement, acute phase proteins)Infectious diseases: immune deficiency states, severe infectionsLiver disease: hypoalbuminemia, coagulopathyCancer: tumor marker proteins (oncofetal proteins, some acute phase reactants)Cardiovascular diseases: inflammation, atherogenesis (CRP, albumin, complement)Genetic deficiencies: alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, hereditary angioedemaOther (rare metabolic and transport disorders)
05

Safety considerations

Transmission of infectious agents (historical plasma-derived products)Allergic or anaphylactic reactions (especially with replacement therapies)Thrombosis risk (excessive clotting factors, albumin)Overdose, volume overload (albumin therapy)Autoimmune reactions (complement-targeted drugs)Supply limitations, product variability (plasma-derived products)
06

Interacting drugs

Recombinant and plasma-derived clotting factors (factor VIII, IX replacement)

5 more in the full profile.

07

Biomarkers

C-reactive protein (CRP): inflammation and infectionAlbumin: nutritional status, liver functionFibrinogen: coagulopathy/inflammationComplement levels (C3, C4): autoimmune diseasesAlpha-fetoprotein: liver cancer, fetal anomaliesD-dimer, clotting factor activities: coagulation disorders

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