Poliovirus internal ribosome entry site domain V – host translation factor complex (PV IRES domain V complex)

The Poliovirus internal ribosome entry site (IRES) domain V – host translation factor complex is a critical ribonucleoprotein assembly required for the initiation of viral protein synthesis (PubMed: 11134008). Unlike host mRNA, which uses a 5' cap-dependent mechanism, poliovirus utilizes the IRES to recruit the 40S ribosomal subunit directly to the viral RNA (PubMed: 16107715). Domain V is a highly conserved stem-loop structure within the IRES that specifically interacts with host eukaryotic initiation factors, most notably eIF4G and eIF4A, to facilitate this process (PubMed: 12154131). Because this interaction is essential for viral replication and distinct from standard cellular translation, it represents a significant target for the development of antiviral therapies (PubMed: 15661150). Small molecules or antisense oligonucleotides designed to bind domain V can sterically hinder the recruitment of host factors, thereby selectively inhibiting viral translation (PubMed: 18411299). However, challenges include the potential for viral mutations that alter RNA structure and the need to ensure that host translation factors are not sequestered or inhibited in a way that harms the host cell.

Other names

Poliovirus IRES domain VPV IRES domain VPoliovirus internal ribosome entry site domain VPV IRES-eIF4G complexPoliovirus 5' UTR domain V complex

Disruption of the interaction between the viral IRES RNA and host translation initiation factors to prevent viral protein synthesis.