Poliovirus type 2 capsid protein VP1-VP4 complex

The Poliovirus type 2 capsid protein VP1-VP4 complex consists of four distinct polypeptides—VP1, VP2, VP3, and VP4—that assemble into an icosahedral shell encapsulating the single-stranded RNA genome of poliovirus. Each mature virion contains 60 copies each of these four subunits arranged symmetrically to form the protective outer layer known as the *capsid*. The outer surface primarily comprises VP1–VP3; their arrangement creates characteristic "canyons" involved in binding to host cell receptors such as PVR/CD155. During virus assembly inside infected cells, precursor forms like VP0 are cleaved into mature components including VP4. This structure protects viral genetic material from environmental degradation and mediates initial interactions with susceptible human cells during infection

Other names

Poliovirus capsidPoliovirus coat protein complexPV2 capsid proteins

No direct mechanism of action for drugs targeting this entire complex. Some experimental antivirals may aim to destabilize the capsid or block its assembly.