Polycarbophil buffer system

Polycarbophil is a synthetic, high molecular weight cross-linked polyacrylic acid polymer used as a mucoadhesive excipient. In vaginal formulations, it acts as a buffer system, slowly releasing protons (H\u005E+^ ions) via its carboxylic acid groups to maintain or restore physiological acidity and promote healthy microbial balance. Polycarbophil does not act as a receptor, enzyme, channel, or transporter; rather, it modifies the local physicochemical environment via its chemical structure and water-binding properties. In GI applications, it functions as a bulk-forming laxative by increasing stool water content and volume

Other names

PolycarbophilCalcium polycarbophilPOLNoveon AA-1 polycarbophil

Local acid-buffering (release of H\u005E+^ ions from carboxyl groups in polycarbophil to acidify environment)\nMucoadhesion increases residence time at site of application\nIn GI: bulk formation and water retention facilitate passage of stool